REMUNERAÇÃO DOCENTE E AUSTERIDADE FISCAL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O CASO DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL (2015 - 2019)

Abstract

The subject of this dissertation is the teacher appreciation policy; the object of study is the public teaching career in basic education in the state education system of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in a context of austerity. The analysis prioritized three axes: the form of entry into the career, promotion and progression, and the composition of the remuneration. The teacher's work and the struggle for valorization are in a disputed field, and are interconnected to conditions of a political (laws), economic (financing funds), and social (valorization) conjuncture, thus the need to understand the educational public policies undertaken and perceive the whole and its particularities. Thus, the research problem is: will the current austerity situation impact the policies for valuing basic education teachers in the state education system in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul? The general objective is to investigate the teacher valuation policy of the state education network of Mato Grosso do Sul in the period from 2015 to 2019, through the Statute of Basic Education Professionals of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the context of fiscal austerity promoted by the approval of Constitutional Amendment No. 95/2016 and its correlate in the state, the State Constitutional Amendment No. 77/2017. The methodological path has a qualitative and quantitative approach, with the use of case study, through documentary analysis, based on the survey of information with the state public school network of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and the documents pertinent to federal and state legislation in the period from 2015 to 2019. The research inserts the contributions of the main representative entity of the category in the state, fundamental in the struggles for the teacher appreciation, the Federation of Education Workers of Mato Grosso do Sul (FETEMS). Among the results, the following stand out: the existence of a career plan for teachers, the Statute of Basic Education Professionals of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Law 087/2000), under the aegis of the laws, a State Education Plan (PEE-2014-2024), with its goals for teacher appreciation and strategies partially fulfilled. There are inconsistencies in the government's actions, such as the postponement of public exams and the incidence of a simplified selection process, with 65.96% of teachers in temporary positions and with a salary 36.39% lower than that of teachers with a statutory position, in addition to the reform of the social security system with direct consequences on pay and retirement. In comparison with the period from 2014 to 2020, the financial resources for the maintenance and development of education have been reduced. There are actions, especially of managerial, budgetary and financial order, conditioned by constitutional complementary amendments, which aim above all at austerity. FETEMS, which has been acting in defense of the category for more than 40 years, has manifested itself in the confrontations with local governments, and presents, as results, the conquest of the broadening of functional promotion, the regulation for the implementation of 1/3 of the working hour, the salary policy, the requests and/or the follow-up of public competitions, among other actions. This is a contradictory state, with an economic base in agribusiness and teachers with precarious rights.