A ADOÇÃO DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: O CASO DA CIDADE DE BIRIGUI - SP

Abstract

In 2020, it was promoted by the National Education Development Fund (FNDE), through the National Textbook Plan (PNLD), a notice for the selection and purchase of textbooks for Early Childhood Education, with delivery of the material at the end of the year of 2021, for use in Early Childhood Education schools in 2022. Thus, the question arises about the need for textbooks as a teaching and learning resource in Early Childhood Education, pre-school stage 1 and 2. With this , we sought to identify the theoretical foundations and normative acts that support the adoption of textbooks in Early Childhood Education for the purpose of pre-school literacy, in order to understand its real need and coherence with the LDB, the DCN, the RCNEI, the BNCC and other documents guiding Early Childhood Education, through the survey of documentation relating to the topic and its analysis, between the years 2014 and 2022, the period of validity of the last National Education Plan, established by Law 13,005, of June 25, 2014 and which will be in force until 2024. The textbooks for Early Childhood Education offered by the PNLD and adopted by the Municipal Department of Education of the city of Birigui, located in the Northwest region of the State of São Paulo, where the search for hand -qualified labor for work in the footwear industry directly reflects on the municipality's educational system, from Early Childhood Education to the final years of Elementary School. Previously, one could observe the similarity between the selected material and Brazilian literacy primers created in the early 1950s. The idea that the use of literacy techniques, especially the so-called traditional ones, in Early Childhood Education, facilitates the process of literacy and literacy, is noticeable, however this belief appears to constitute a mistake, which can cause damage to child development. The object of this research is the adoption of textbooks as an early literacy tool, in preschool stages 1 and 2 and supported by the PNA adopted by the MEC from April 2019 until the end of Jair Messias Bolsonaro's presidency. The specific objectives of this work are: to investigate the conceptions of childhood in Brazil and the history of Early Childhood Education in the country, from its origins to the current period, the normative acts on Early Childhood Education between the years 2014 and 2022 regarding the literacy of children in preschool age, as well as what they predict; collect data from the competent government bodies about the years in which the selection and acquisition of textbooks for Early Childhood Education took place in order to identify whether the textbook policy for Early Childhood Education can be considered historical or something recent linked to marketing policies and national ideological structures, as well as the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and understand and explain what the real function of the textbook is in Early Childhood Education in the municipality of Birigui. This is a qualitative, documentary-type research, and will be based on content analysis according to the guidelines of Laurence Bardin, using productions by Maria do Rosário Longo Mortatti as a theoretical contribution.

Keywords: PNLD; Textbook; Literacy; Child education; National Literacy Policy.