IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Abstract

Sugarcane plays a prominent role in the Brazilian agroindustry, not only due to the production of sugar and ethanol but also because of the use of its biomass for energy generation, the utilization of agro-industrial by-products for the production of packaging materials (biopolymers), and other products of industrial interest. In this context, this study aims to analyze the socio-environmental impacts associated with the expansion of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil, considering historical, environmental, social, and technological aspects related to the development of the sugar-energy sector. The research was conducted through a literature review of scientific articles, books, technical and institutional documents, and legislation on the subject. The analyzed studies demonstrated that the expansion of sugarcane cultivation contributed to economic development and to the consolidation of Brazil as one of the world's leading producers of sugar and ethanol. However, this process has also been associated with environmental impacts, including ecosystem changes, intensive use of natural resources, and waste generation, as well as social challenges related to labor conditions in rural areas. The literature further indicates that technologies aimed at biofuel production, the utilization of agro-industrial by-products, and the development of renewable packaging and materials can contribute to reducing environmental impacts and promoting a more efficient use of raw materials. It is concluded that the adoption of sustainable practices, combined with technological innovation and the strengthening of public policies, can contribute to the development of a more efficient production chain, with reduced waste generation and a better balance between economic development, social responsibility, and environmental preservation.