ANÁLISE MULTIDIMENSIONAL SOBRE O ÍNDICE DE DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO A PARTIR DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE FÁBRICA DE CELULOSE NO ESTADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SUL

Abstract

Industrialization contributes to economic growth by increasing productive capacity, job creation, innovation, and the efficient use of resources. The industrial sector is considered one of the main drivers of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) because it provides goods and services (exports), income, and employment opportunities. The state of Mato Grosso do Sul has stood out in the pulp and paper sector. The implementation of a large-scale plant in a small municipality requires a detailed analysis of environmental, economic, and social impacts. Accordingly, the present study aimed to analyze the impact of large pulp industries on the Human Development Index (HDI) in a small municipality in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. To this end, a systematic review was conducted following the recommendations and specific criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Of the 178 articles identified, 11 were selected, which showed that, to maximize benefits and mitigate risks, integrated planning is essential, with the active participation of the community and local authorities, promoting development that respects both people and the environment. Increases in income and education can raise the HDI; however, environmental and social challenges must be managed effectively to ensure that development is sustainable and inclusive. The adoption of sustainable practices is crucial, as industrial activities that compromise natural resources may have long-term impacts on local health and the economy, negatively affecting the HDI. Significant investments in urban and social areas—such as hospitals, schools, sanitation, logistics, and infrastructure—are expected to be reflected in HDI indicators. Considering particularly the influence of the pulp sector, the construction of the Bioceanic Corridor stands out. This project, conceived to connect the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans through a highway route aimed at integrating the South American continent, is not recent, having emerged in 2000 at the South American Presidents’ Summit. These effects should be monitored over the coming years to assess the actual impact of the plant on the HDI of Mato Grosso do Sul and to identify areas for improvement and continuity in supporting regional development. From an environmental perspective, the facility has adopted sustainable practices, such as the use of biomass for energy generation and self-sufficiency in the production of inputs such as sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, in addition to maintaining a forest base with an average radius of only 65 km, which reduces environmental impacts and logistical costs.

Descriptors: social determinants of health, human development index, pulp and paper industry, regional planning, social impact indicator.