Os arranjos para implementação da Lei nº 11.738/2008 em Campo Grande (MS): o professor de Ciências nos anos iniciais – 2012 a 2019

Abstract

The present investigation is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, concerning the Law 11.738/2008 and Science teaching. This work is a case study that aims to analyze the arrangements made by the Municipal School System of Campo Grande - MS, in the period between 2012 and 2019, to implement the Law 11.738/2008, examining the context of drafting this law and the mishaps it went through until its approval and implementation, as well as the implications of the implementation of the hour-activity, determined by this law, for the work of the Science teacher in the initial years in the Municipal School System (MSS). The methodological procedures adopted in the investigation were bibliographic and documentary research and the case study in Municipal Public Schools and, for data collection, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used. This research was attended by 96 teachers who teach Science in elementary school and 49 pedagogical coordinators, as well as a manager of the Municipal Department of Education and three members of the Science technical team of the Municipal Department of Education. The data, which were analyzed from a dialectical perspective, showed that there is a correlation of forces in the establishment of teaching rights (especially those of science teachers in the early years), and that the municipality of Campo Grande has partially fulfilled the application of the National Professional Minimum Wage for teachers with working hours of 20 and 40 hours. In order to comply with the Law 11.738/2008, regarding the maximum limit of 2/3 of the workload for activities with interaction with students, the Municipal Department of Education chose to assign the science classes in the early years of elementary school to a specific teacher, a decision that focused on the results in external evaluations, aiming to increase the educational indicators of MSS. This measure, which also reflected wider issues in the political and economic scenario at the national level, ended up triggering some problems for the work of the Science teacher of the early years, such as those related to continuing education, the number of classes and the compartmentalization of education. It is understood that not only science teachers, but the entire working class must be reinstated as a historical protagonist, so that the democratic rule of law can be guaranteed and the appreciation of education professionals resumed.

Keywords: educational policy; working hours in the city of Campo Grande; teacher remuneration; Science education; early years of elementary school.