AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS DO PLANTIO E MANUTENÇÃO DO CULTIVO DO BAMBU

Abstract

Due to the great potential for development of the energy matrix in Brazil, through the use of biomass as an alternative source of clean energy, new crops have been sought to supply the energy sector with raw materials. Bamboo is a strong option as it has a high calorific value, high growth rate and rapid biomass production. For these reasons, bamboo cultivation has been growing in the country and this requires an environmental impact assessment. Thus, the objective of the work was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the environmental impact of implementing and maintaining bamboo cultivation (Bambusa vulgaris). The main activities of these stages were evaluated so that data could be collected for a qualitative and quantitative interaction matrix of impacts arising during the implementation and maintenance phases. In the quantitative matrix, a score from 1 to 5 was assigned to indicate the degree of impact, which could be positive or negative. Letters are assigned in the qualitative matrix to value, order, space, time, dynamics, plasticity. The bamboo cultivation activity until the maintenance phase results in low significance of environmental impacts. Desiccation and plowing are the activities with the most negative impact in the implementation phase, and only desiccation in the maintenance phase. Liming, fertilizer distribution, planting and mowing activities generate several positive impacts and must be well managed to enhance this action.