OS DISCURSOS ECONÔMICOS CONSTITUÍDOS HISTORICAMENTE E OS CURRÍCULOS BRASILEIROS DE MATEMÁTICA: AS PROPOSTAS DE RACIONALIDADES PARA O HOMO OECONOMICUS

Abstract

This text describes the doctoral research that was developed at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the Graduate Program in Mathematics Education, in the line of research in Teacher Training and Curriculum. It defends the thesis that historically constituted economic discourses can propose rationalities that reverberate in the mathematics curriculum and constitute certain types of subjects. The analysis materials are organized in two poles; the first refers to the “brazilian mathematics curricula”, anchored, specifically, to the documents: the LDB of 96 (Law 9.394/96), PCN+High School (BRASIL, 2002), the 2018 PNLD Notice (BRASIL, 2017), the 2018 PNLD guide (BRASIL, 2017), the BNCC (BRASIL, 2019) and the books approved by the 2018 PNLD, which comprises twenty-four books, subdivided into eight three-volume collections. The second pole is composed of works, studies, concepts from the field of economics, authors who endeavored to produce certain truths about liberalism and neoliberalism as an economic policy, such as the works of Adam Smith, specifically: “The Theory of Moral Sentiments” and “The Wealth of Nations”, published in the 18th century. Also explored in this investigation were the contributions of liberal and neoliberal thinking economists. To problematize this material, the contributions of the philosopher Michel Foucault were used, in the archeogenealogical dimensions of "being-knowledge and "being-power", a theoretical articulation that provided the description and composition of discursive fields that can provide four personalities from homo oeconomicus, being these personalities, the following: subjects homo politicus, homo numericalus, homo do consumens and homo egoisticus. Through the analysis of these personalities, it was possible to observe the reverberation of economic discourses present in Brazilian high school mathematics curricula. Such discourses seem to operate a possible device that can propose personal capitalization strategies as a process of life entrepreneurship, a device whose role is fundamental in maintaining the liberal and neoliberal structures in force in Brazil.