Compactação de solo em rotação de cultura com soja, após diferentes consórcios de milho e forrageiras

Abstract

Soil compaction is a growing problem in many agricultural areas, causing loss of crop productivity and environmental degradation. This study investigates the role of intercropping maize with forages and crop rotation in preventing soil compaction. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of soil compaction on soybean (Glycine max (L.)) intercropped with maize (Zea mays) with grasses and legumes under field conditions. The experiment was carried out during the 2022/2023 season, at the UFMS (Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul) experimental station in Chapadão do Sul-MS. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in split plots, with twelve treatments and four replications (6 treatments in area 1 (without phosphite) and 6 treatments in area 2 (with phosphite)). A digital electronic penetrometer (penetroLOG) was read to assess soil compaction and soil was collected for moisture analysis. The results obtained in this study can contribute to the development of more effective strategies for reducing soil compaction in agricultural areas, in addition to providing information for choosing the most suitable plant consortia for soybean cultivation. It is important to highlight that the choice of plant consortium should be based on soil characteristics, climate and other local conditions to obtain the best results (Siqueira et al., 2020). There was no significant difference inMega Pascal in the soybean crop between treatments in relation to soil compaction and resistance to penetration, even the plots where they obtained the consortium modality in the previous harvest of single corn (M) in both areas expressed a higher level of resistance to penetration, thus not affecting productivity.