ESTRESSE OCUPACIONAL, QUALIDADE DE VIDA E COPING EM EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM HOSPITALAR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DE COVID-19.

Abstract

Introduction: Health activities are the ones that most imply conditions conducive to functional illness, and the nursing category is one of the professions most involved in direct patient care, since these demands have an impact on work-related quality of life. With the Covid-19 pandemic, the stress resulting from concerns, work overload, risk of infection has affected countless professionals, reflecting the need for coping strategies. Objective: To evaluate the association between occupational stress, quality of life measurement and coping strategies by the hospital nursing team working during the Covid-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The dissertation was conducted in neography format, being divided into two articles, the first an integrative review and the second an original article. In the integrative review article, the scientific production of the strategies of in nursing during the pandemic of the new coronavirus published from June 2020 to June 2021, in the SCOPUS, PUBMED, Web of Science, CINAHL and SCIELO databases. The original article presents an analytical, quantitative cross-sectional study with snowball sampling with nursing professionals from two units of the private hospital network in Mato Grosso do Sul. Data collection occurred from August to December 2020, in an online format and consisted of: Questionnaire with sociodemographic, occupational and health status variables; Visual Analog Scale (EVA) to assess quality of life at work; Job Stress Scale (JSS); Occupational Coping Scale (ECO). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul/MS (4,216,257). Data analysis was performed with the help of the statistical program SPSS Statistics, version 23 and included descriptive calculations, Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA or chi-square (χ2). Results: Twenty-one articles were analyzed, with studies from China being prevalent n=12 (57.1%). Levels of evidence classified as Level III 2 (66.0%) followed by Level IV (34.0%). To elucidate the findings, two thematic categories were structured: Emotional impact and health consequences in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic and Coping actions of professionals, in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. As for the cross-sectional study, 196 nursing professionals participated in the research. Of these professionals, 49.5% were from Campo Grande and 50.5% from Dourados, both municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. It is evident that more than half of the nurses and nursing technicians identified the work as passive and demanding. The mean QWL assessment of nursing professionals was 7.66 (SD=1.54). The correlation between JSS, ECO and QVT, evaluated through Spearman's correlation coefficient, proved to be significant in some variables of the respective questionnaires. There was a significant negative, but weak, correlation between the score on the “Demand” dimension of the JSS and that on the QWL scale (p<0.001, r=-0.367). Control over work appears positively related to quality of life at work, a significant positive correlation, however weak, between the score in the “Control” dimension of the JSS and that in the QWL scale (p=0.025, r=0.160); and a significant negative, but weak, correlation between the score in the “Social support” dimension of the JSS and that in the “Avoidance” dimension of the Coping scale (p=0.003, r=-0.2013). Conclusion: It is necessary a management more present in the life of nursing workers, which seeks the strengthening of social support as a form of stress reduction, new studies for the feasibility of strategies for the promotion and health care of professionals.