Diretrizes para projetos de arquitetura modular sob a perspectiva da Economia Circular

Abstract

The concept of Circular Economy has become popular as it represents economic and environmental advantages to perpetuate the function and value of the product in circulation without the need to employ more energy/costs. When it comes to civil construction – a sector with a great environmental impact – modular architecture is a constructive and design system that fits into this CE proposal, however it has not yet become popularized as a strategy in Brazil. The objective of this work is to validate design guidelines for the development of modular projects. To analyze the theoretical framework on modular architecture and CE, articles obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science indexed databases were used. Then, the content analysis of the portfolio was carried out using the Iramuteq software, which was the basis for the construction of the research instrument. The content was separated into two lexical blocks, the first, represented by the classes “public policies and waste management”, “energy and natural resources” and “BIM and technological innovations”; and the second represented by the classes “CE implementation” and “modular design methodology”. From the reference literature and analysis of successful experiences in executed modular projects, theoretical guidelines for modular projects emerged. The methodological procedure used for construct validation was through data collection through the application of an online form consisting of 34 questions with sentences organized in an ordinal Likert-type scale from 1 to 5 points, which was used as a research instrument for obtain validation from experts in the field of natural resources and sustainability. Subsequently, the guidelines were submitted to an analysis of modular constructions in school environments, a project of modular classrooms by the Federal Institute of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS), where 25 of the 32 guidelines found were applied. accepted by the validation process by experts; of these 25 attended, only 4 were partially attended. Gaps for future research were evidenced, such as the ephemerality of modular constructions must be addressed in legislation and considered as a built-up area, as well as final installation costs, when considering preliminary works and earthworks. However, it was possible to conclude that the IFMS modular rooms are in line with the modular architecture guidelines from the EC perspective, however, they could be more efficient if they combined design with waste management and the implementation of BIM. xiii Keywords: Modular architecture. Circular Economy. Design guidelines. Construction. Waste Management. Natural resources.