EPISÓDIOS DA TRAJETÓRIA DE OLIVA ENCISO: A GÊNESE DE INSTITUIÇÕES EDUCATIVAS FILANTRÓPICAS E PROFISSIONALIZANTES NÃO ESTATAIS NO SUL DO ANTIGO MATO GROSSO (1930-1970)

Abstract

This research presents the results of a biographical-approach study with a historicalsociological perspective based on Pierre Bourdieu, linked to the Education, Culture, Society field of research of the Graduate Program in Education - PPEDU / FAED, of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. The objective of the research is to contribute to the field of History of Brazilian Education by investigating, narrating and qualifying the genesis of educational institutions, especially the philanthropic institutions and non-state institutions of professional education in Campo Grande, in the south of the former state of Mato Grosso, between 1930 and 1970, as well as the modes of female education, represented by Oliva Enciso and her approach to the insertion of women in the public space. Olivia Enciso was a self-educated teacher, a civil servant and the first female representative in southern politics. She was part of cultural institutions and, as a writer, produced articles and memoirs with poetic, historical and autobiographical traits, besides being an active member of Catholic women's associations, such as “Filhas de Maria”, “Legião de Maria” and “Associação de Alunas Salesianas”. The thesis defended here is that, in the genesis of educational institutions, mainly of a philanthropic nature and of non-state professional education, the teacher and politician Oliva Enciso, in acquiring religious habitus, was able to mobilize social, religious and political capital, among others, as well as individual and collective symbolic strategies and, as a consequence, led the female insertion in social spaces predominantly occupied by male agents. The empiric research was supported by several sources from personal, public and digital archives (ARCA, IHGMS, IMPL / MT, HDB, among others). Memoirs (biographies, autobiographies and historical writings), documentary works (laws, minutes, letters, newspapers, among others), photographs and oral works (produced in interviews with family and acquaintances) were reviewed. The analysis was anchored in the theory of practice, concerning the field‟s concepts, religious habitus, capital and strategies. The sources were crossed, triangulated and analyzed in both objective and subjective dimensions in the entanglement of the historical narrative, the genesis of educational institutions and the trajectory of this agent. The results of this research provided an understanding of Oliva Enciso's religious habitus and capital as a set of distinctive properties, which favored placements and displacements in the social space, especially in politics. The contributions to the History of Education come from a life‟s project based on the promotion of education and health for the socially disadvantaged, that resulted in concrete actions in the educational and political field, contributing to the genesis of educational institutions, such as: the philanthropic organizations “Sociedade Miguel Couto dos Amigos do Estudante” (1940) and “Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional People – APAE” (1967); and, non-state institutions of education, such as “Escola Profissional do SENAI” (1948) and “Escola de Formação Doméstica Roberto Simonsen – SESI” (1948). Her political efforts also resulted in the creation of the “Ginásio Barão do Rio Branco da Campanha Nacional de Educandários Gratuitos - CNEG” (1948) and the “Faculdade de Farmácia e Odontologia de Mato Grosso” (which became the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul) (1963). The institutions created and / or managed by Oliva Enciso for the purpose of social assistance, professionalization and educational inclusion have become expressions of a modern society in the practical logic in the urban and social change historical field. The practical actions of the public agent in the educational field brought contributions to the process of transition from urban-city society to the social modernization of Campo Grande and the southern region of the former state of Mato Grosso.