ESTRATÉGIAS DISCURSIVO- ARGUMENTATIVAS EM TOMADAS DE DEPOIMENTOS NA OPERAÇÃO LAVA JATO: LULA VERSUS OPERADORES DO DIREITO

Abstract

The general objective of this research was to evaluate the enunciative procedures used by the interlocutors and the meaning effects produced in specific situations of statements taken by former president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva during Operation Lava Jato. As specific objectives, we outline the following: to unveil and describe the -discursive- argumentative mechanisms employed by the former president and by the Law operators involved in the enunciative scene; identify regularities and dispersions in the configuration of the testimony-taking genre; to show which characteristics of the spoken language are present in the discursive-textual genre taking testimony and what is its role or function in the process of preservation/maintenance of the face, both in the deponent's pole and in that of the Law operators involved in the interaction. We use a textual-interactive approach to spoken language, based on Conversation Analysis (CA), in an interface work with Forensic Linguistics, in addition to contributions from other areas of knowledge. The testimonies, in a total of four, were cut, by selecting statements relevant to the research objectives, and transcribed according to CA conventions established by Preti (2002, p. 15-16), resulting in an analysis corpus composed of 23 clippingsof the four testimonies, given to different interlocutors/lawyers and at different stages/dates of the Operation. Thus, this thesis was organized into six sections, the first of which is the Introduction, in which we present our work proposal. In the second section, we place the studies about the taking of testimony in the national scenario. In the third, we present the contexts for the production of sayings. In the fourth, we discuss the relationship between Language and Law, bringing the principles of Conversation Analysis and Forensic Linguistics, among other constructs. In the fifth section, we outline the research paths and carry out the analysis and discussion of the data, as well as presenting an end to the analytical threads. Finally, in section six, we bring the answers to the questions discussed in this work, highlighting that most of the argumentative-discursive strategies employed by the former president in the construction of the statements were: creation of credibility effects, use of preterition, the degree of severity , of linguistic resources of Rhetoric, in addition to self-victimization, self-exaltation and blaming the other, aiming at maintaining or enhancing their positive face, as well as mitigating possible negative effects on their public image in order to achieve double success: inside and outside the court, given that the virtual context overlapped the immediate context (here/now) in the analyzed interactions. Thus, recognizing the role of the context of interactions in disclosing power relations (LINDSTROM, 1992), we validate the thesis that the effect of the interlocutor in absentia in the context of the statements taken by former president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is superimposed on the immediate context of face-to-face interactions.

Keywords: Conversation Analysis; Language and Law; face-to-face interactions in forensic context; Operação Lava Jato.