Sistema para captação e uso de água da chuva: dimensionamento, custos e benefícios

Abstract

Concerns about the sustainability of our water supply, threatened by increases in consumption and increasing difficulties in recharging ground water reservoirs is calling increasing attention amongst researchers and engineers, stimulating the improvement of existing, and the development of new technologies to resolve problems with the water supply like the ones that ocurred in 2015 in São Paulo state (Brazil). One of the solutions is the use of rainwater. In this study a system for harvesting and residential non-potable use of rainwater is presented, as well as a method to, based on a limited number of climate data, calculate, rather than estimate, its main dimensions, like capture area and reservoir volume. To conclude, an avaliuation of financial and enviroinmental costs and benefits is made. The system as studied is being implemented in a residence in Campo Grande – MS, BR (latitude: 20º 26’ 34”S; longitude: 54º 38’ 47” W; altitude: 532 m; rainfall: 1470 mm.y 1) With the results of this work it becomes easier to calculate correctly the dimensions of a rainwater harvesting and reuse system, even in regions with a limited availability of climatoloigical data, and the costs and gains, both financial and environmental, and both for the owner and for society, become more clear.