Ocorrências de anormalidades dos dentes em pacientes portadores de Síndrome de Down

Abstract

Patients with Down’s syndrome have, in addition to mental retardation, the presence of abnormality of teeth that can be diagnosed. These abnormalities usually appear in the form of tooth agenesis, microdontia, taurodontism, macrodontia, supernumerary teeth, dental impaction, malocclusion, among others. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of development dental anomalies in a sample of patients with Down’s syndrome through digital panoramic radiographs. Sixty two patients with predominant age of 15 to 25 years old, had their panoramic radiographs obtained in DOC CENTER, and analyzed for the presence of dental anomalies. Collected data were analyzed in crosstabs using the chi-square test, with a significance level of 5%. The results showed no significance at the intersection of data related to location in hemiarcade, gender and age of patients with anomalies. Among all patients 82.3% of the cases had some dental anomaly, and the tooth agenesis was the most frequent in the analyzed patients, covering 51.3%. Secondly, the dental impaction and Taurodontia corresponded to 15.4% each, and Microdontia to 9% of cases. The delay in the eruption amounted to 3.8% of cases and other anomalies (Macrodontia, Supernumerary Teeth, Dental Transposition and Fusion) accounted for 1,3% of cases each. Concluded that digital panoramic radiographies allowed the identification of dental anomalies in patients with Down’s syndrome, without preference of gender or age, where the location by hemiarch depended on each detected abnormality.