Estudo histológico e imunohistoquímico em intestino delgado de ratos submetidos ao fenômeno de isquemia e reperfusão: ação da Pentoxifilina e da prostaglandina E1

Abstract

Purpose: to study the small intestinal tissue alterations in rats submitted to ischemia and tissue reperfusion using pentoxyfilline or prostaglandin E1. Methods: the experimental animals of group A (control) were submitted to intestinal ischemia during 60 minutes followed by tissue reperfusion for more 60 minutes and no one drug have been utilized. In the group B pentoxyfilline have been utilized during tissue ischemia and reperfusion as well as prostaglandin E1 in group C, but separately. In the group D (sham group), the animals were submitted to surgical procedures without occlusion of mesenteric artery. After euthanasia of the animals, a segment of the small intestine was cut, stained by hematoxilin-eosin and selected to histological analysis according to Chiu criteria, and for imunohistochemical studies the anti FAS-ligand was the marker chosen that stained in brown the apoptotic cells that were observed microscopically l analysis after ischemia and tissue reperfusion. Performed statistical hypothesis of difference Chiu and imunohistochemical of variance ANOVA with Tukey post-test decision level was set at p<0,05. Results: it was obtained better histological results using pentoxyfilline or prostaglandin E1 since the levels of criteria from Chiu that predominated were level 2 and 3, indicating less tissue damage in comparison to the control group (group A) that showed levels 4 and 5, what means more severe histological tissue alterations. Immunohistochemistry and statistical analysis of the mean apoptotic cells, stained brown apoptotic cells in the groups that received pentoxyfilline or prostaglandin E1 were lower than the control group and higher than the sham group. This demonstrated that the number of apoptotic cells decreased and the drugs used in protected reperfusion cell death in many other epithelial cells which promoted certainly a renewal of intestinal epithelial below, although the process of ischemia-reperfusion. Conclusion: the use of drugs pentoxifylline and prostaglandin E1 in beneficial effect during reperfusion, demonstrated by less severe histological lesions and, by immunohistochemistry, there was a reduction of apoptotic cell death and protection of other intestinal epithelial cells after reperfusion, the which promoted the renewal of the epithelium, although the processes of ischemia and reperfusion.