Projeto Ótimo de redes de distribuição de água via algoritmos genéticos multiobjetivos

Abstract

With the growth and urban development, the optimized project of water distribution networks become more and more necessary, tends in view the limitation of financial resources. In the last years have been considering as second objective the reliability maximization of the reliability besides the minimization of costs. The reliability of water distribution networks is the evaluation of the quality of service of provisioning, the service capacity to the flows and pressures requested, in other words, it is the quantification of the ability of the network in satisfying demands in all of the locations, with acceptable pressures. The cost and reliability relationship is antagonistic, because when minimizing costs, happens the decrease of diameters, harming like this the reliability of the network. And, when maximizing the reliability separately, the network would be with high cost. Being like this, the optimal project of a network would be a harmonic optimal solution among two objectives. The present work represents an effort in the sense of implementing multiobjective genetic algorithms for the optimization water distribution netwoks, considering as objectives the minimization of costs and maximization of reliability. The genetic algorithm (GA) it is a search method based on mechanisms of the natural genetics. The simple concept of GA has their roots in the biological process of survival and adaptation. The result is an efficient algorithm with the flexibility to seek complex spaces as the space solution of looped networks. With the objective of testing the effectiveness of the proposed model in the present work, the technique is applied in two networks example, used by TODINI (2000) and other researchers.