Tráfico de Pessoas e Criminologia: Uma Discussão Teórica e suas Implicações Sociais e ao Direito Penal

Abstract

The present article aims, in general, to analyze human trafficking from the perspective of criminology, integrating theoretical concepts, empirical data, the legal framework, and the role of digital media in the contemporary dynamics of crime. Specifically, the objectives are to address the concept of human trafficking, examine criminological theories regarding its origin and persistence, analyze national data on victims and recruitment routes, assess the Brazilian legal framework and relevant international regulations, and evaluate the influence of social networks on both prevention and recruitment. The methodology applied is bibliographic and documentary research, of a qualitative nature, with a deductive approach. The results indicate that theoretical approaches contribute to understanding the processes of victimization and the complexity of the phenomenon, providing support for social policies aimed at protecting victims and enhancing the effectiveness of criminal law. It is concluded that confronting human trafficking requires integrated, multidisciplinary strategies that combine theory, investigation, legal instruments, and technological tools.