Otimização das propriedades térmicas de telhas de concreto com a incorporação do resíduo de lã de ovinos pantaneiros

Abstract

In view of the growing demand for sustainable and energy-efficient construction solutions, this study proposed a new application for Pantaneiro sheep wool in concrete roof tiles, aiming to improve the thermal performance of building coverings. The wool was washed, carded, and manually cut. Its characterization indicated an average fiber diameter of 31.12 µm, coarse texture, yellow coloration, and a washed yield of 71.58%, classifying it as a medium-thickness fiber. Since it does not meet the requirements of the textile industry, this wool shows promise for alternative applications, particularly in construction materials. Concrete roof tiles were produced with 0%, 2%, 5%, and 7% wool incorporation relative to the cement volume, using an industrial process and evaluated according to the standards ABNT NBR 13858-2:2009 and ABNT NBR 15575-5:2021. The 2% mixture exhibited the best physical and mechanical performance, with lower water absorption (4.81%) and higher flexural strength (2.45 MPa), representing a 1.7% increase compared to the reference mixture. The 5% mixture stood out in terms of thermal performance, reducing thermal transmittance to 5.09 W/m²·K and providing an internal temperature reduction of up to 4.2 °C in experimental prototypes. The utilization of this residue proves to be a technically, economically, and environmentally viable alternative, compliant with current standards and market requirements.