O processo de adoção no Brasil: Desafios nas adoções de casais homoafetivos

Abstract

This is an integrative review that aimed to investigate the adoption process in Brazil, focusing on scientific evidence regarding the challenges faced by same-sex couples in adoption, in addition to understanding professional actions related to the adoption process, especially those involving psychology professionals, this is done through an integrative review.. Searches were conducted in the SciELO, Capes, and BVS databases using DeCS/MeSH descriptors, covering the period from 2018 to 2023. Of the 327 articles initially identified, 42 met the inclusion criteria (topic, Portuguese language, scientific article) after analysis of titles, abstracts, and full-text reading. The results indicated an increase in publications in 2018 and 2019, followed by a decrease in 2020 and 2022. The analyzed studies revealed various perspectives on adoption in the country, highlighting the presence of prejudice against same-sex adoptions, especially concerning the development of the child or adolescent. The aspects of parenthood and the role of professional evaluation (Psychology and Social Work) of prospective adoptive parents were addressed through interviews, psychological tests, home visits, and follow-ups. The importance of support groups was emphasized for experience sharing and awareness-raising. Adoption was shown to be a complex topic, permeated by expectations, fears, and the need for ethical and technical deepening, particularly in the practice of Psychology.