INCIDÊNCIA E PERFIL CLÍNICO-EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS PACIENTES ACOMETIDOS POR LINFOMAS ORAIS NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DE 32 ANOS

Abstract

Lymphomas are malignant neoplasms with a high mortality rate, classified as Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), the latter being more prevalent in the oral cavity. The National Cancer Institute (INCA), an agency linked to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, is responsible for recording and monitoring cancer cases in Brazil. However, population data and the epidemiological profile of Brazilian patients affected by oral lymphomas (OL) have not been widely investigated. Thus, this study aimed to perform a cross-sectional epidemiological analysis of INCA data obtained through the Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) over a 32-year period, in order to identify the prevalence of lymphomas and their associations with oral anatomical sites, age, sex, race, mortality rate, and patient survival time. A total of 886 cases of OL were identified, corresponding to approximately 0.03% of all cancers and 1.44% of all lymphomas. Of these, 25 were HL and 861 were NHL. Although there was no significant sex predilection, a higher occurrence was observed among fair-skinned individuals, with a mean age of 58 years. The most affected region was the tonsillar area (367 cases). This is the first study to report the prevalence of oral lymphomas in the Brazilian population, contributing to future research.