Método para elaboração de estudos de proteção elétrica em unidades consumidoras com geração distribuída

Abstract

Medium-voltage grids with distributed photovoltaic generation (DG-PV) present additional challenges to protection coordination and selectivity due to operational variability and the characteristics of inverter contributions to fault currents. This work proposes a systematic method, supported by a computational tool, for conducting electrical protection studies in consumer units with DG-PV. The methodology is applied in a case study at the Sector 01 substation of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) in Campo Grande, MS, encompassing eight distinct operating scenarios: heavy and light loads, without DG, and with DG operating at maximum, medium, and minimum capacity. Simulations were performed in the Simulink® environment, allowing evaluation of protection behavior under different load and generation conditions. The results indicate that the short-circuit current detected by the substation relay remains essentially constant across scenarios, demonstrating the robustness of the method and confirming its applicability for verifying selectivity and defining protection settings in environments with distributed photovoltaic generation. Furthermore, the approach provides a reproducible procedure, contributing to engineering practice and technical documentation of protection studies in consumer units.

Keywords: Protection; Coordination; Selectivity; Distributed Generation; Photovoltaic Energy.