Transformações no Uso da Terra e Estrutura da Paisagem na Microrregião do Rio Miranda (MS), 1985–2023

Abstract

The microregion of the Miranda River (MS) has undergone intense land use and land cover changes since the 1980s, primarily driven by the expansion of agriculture and livestock activities. This study analyzed land use and cover dynamics and their effects on the structure of the natural landscape, using data from MapBiomas Collection 9, processed in QGIS through cross-classification and landscape ecology metrics. Land use classes were reclassified into five macro-categories and assessed regarding transitions between native vegetation and productive uses. The results reveal a continuous expansion of agricultural activities, accompanied by a significant reduction in forest formations (–31%) and water bodies (–73%), as well as increasing landscape fragmentation. Metrics indicated a loss of connectivity, an increase in the number of fragments, and a decline in diversity and evenness indexes. The strong negative correlation between agricultural expansion and landscape diversity (r = –0.9989) highlighted the process of landscape homogenization. These effects undermine essential ecological functions such as water regulation and biodiversity support, directly impacting the livelihoods of traditional communities. The findings emphasize the need for a critical reflection on environmental losses and the socio-ecological impacts resulting from rapid agricultural expansion, underlining the urgency of integrated strategies that promote ecosystem conservation, sustainable land use, and social justice.