Avaliação da ação gerada por explosão em ambiente interno

Abstract

Internal explosions in confined or partially confined environments generate shock waves that exert high pressures on the structural elements of buildings, compromising their stability and potentially causing localized failures or even progressive collapses. These effects vary in intensity depending on the configuration of the environment, the amount of accumulated gas, the presence of pressure relief components, and other specific characteristics. Understanding how these factors influence the propagation of the shock wave is essential for the safe design of structures subjected to these actions, classified as exceptional by NBR 8681:2003. In the context of structural engineering, analyses of these explosions can be performed using risk criteria, using methodologies that consider dynamic factors, the properties of combustible gases, and the materials present in the environment. The main objective of this study was to compare two methodologies to evaluate the pressures generated by internal explosions in residential buildings, using the EN 1991-1-7:2006 standard and the Shock Wave (TNO) method. The research also explored concepts such as flammability limits, combustion energy, variations in overpressure as a function of distance and duration, as well as information relevant to understanding the subject of explosive phenomena.