CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO CHACO NO BRASIL: EVIDÊNCIAS DE SINGULARIDADE DO BIOMA

Abstract

To date, since this study, the Chaco biome, despite being present in Brazilian territory, is not recognized by government bodies, such as the IBGE. Thus, the objective of this work is to characterize the presence of the Chaco Biome in Brazil, highlighting its uniqueness and contributing to its recognition in Brazilian territory. To this end, a bibliometric survey was carried out on the Chaco in Brazil, as well as an analysis of the landscape of the Chaco region using geotechnology. This study resulted in two chapters, being: a) the bibliometric analysis of studies related to the Chaco biome with the use of geotechnologies, through the identification of keywords, most relevant authors, which topics are most sought after and the evolution over time time on the subject; b) descriptive analysis of the Chaco phytophysiognomies in Brazil, characterized as steppic savanna, using images from different satellites, spectral indices and official vector files of the Chaco phytophysiognomies. To evaluate the region's landscape, the NDVI and NDWI indices were used to characterize the different phytophysiognomies. In the Steppic Wooded Savanna, Fragment 1 is notable for its drought-adapted vegetation, while Fragment 2 has varying conditions and Fragment 3 suffers from low humidity. In the Parque Estépica Savanna, Fragment 1 has positive vegetative and humidity conditions, in contrast to Fragment 2, which faces water stress, and Fragment 3, which is balanced. In the Steppic Grassy-Woody Savanna, Sentinel 2 detects denser vegetation due to its higher resolution, while Landsat 8 offers a broader perspective.