Atividade de enzimas do sistema purinérgico em linfócitos e plaquetas de usuárias de contraceptivos hormonais orais combinados

Abstract

The use of synthetic female sex hormones with the aim of inhibiting ovulation began in the 1950s, therefore, this became one of the contraceptive methods with the greatest adherence. In view of the evidence of interference of these hormones in user's hemostatic parameters, the use of hormonal contraceptives is associated with the development of thromboembolism. It is known that adenosine and your nucleotides play a prominent role in regulating platelet and lymphocyte aggregation. The objective was to evaluate the activity of the purinergic system enzymes E-NTPDase, E-5'-NT and E-ADA in lymphocytes and platelets of users of combined oral contraceptives. 29 women between 18 and 40 years old, users of combined contraceptives participated in the research and 29 non-users of hormonal contraception to form the control group. Participants used third-generation combined oral contraceptives, such as drospirenone or cyproterone acetate, or fourth-generation contraceptives, including gestodene or desogestrel, both associated with ethinyl estradiol. 8 mL of peripheral blood was collected, from which lymphocytes and platelets were isolated. The activity of the ectonucleotidases was quantified through the release of inorganic phosphate, while the activity of E-ADA was quantified through the release of ammonia. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test. Our findings indicate decreased adenosine deamination in lymphocytes from G3 (66,5%; n = 8; p < 0.01), and decreased AMP hydrolysis (69%; n = 8; p < 0.05) and adenosine deamination (65%; n = 8, p < 0.01) in platelets from G3, compared to control. We also observed increased ADP hydrolysis (216%; n = 15; p < 0.01) and decreased adenosine deamination (50,7%; n = 9; p < 0.05) in lymphocytes, and decreased ATP hydrolysis (34%; n = 10; p < 0.01) and adenosine deamination (63%; n = 8, p < 0.01) in platelets from G4, compared to control. Decreased AMP hydrolysis contributes to the establishment of an Adopoor vascular microenvironment. Added to the decrease in E-ADA activity, which may also be associated with a lower concentration of Ado in this microenvironment, it may contribute to the decrease in its anti-aggregation and anti-inflammatory effect. The results obtained in this project corroborate the literature, linking the use of combined contraceptives with a greater predisposition to the development of cardiovascular and circulatory diseases.