Implementação de micoteca e banco de DNA de fungos patogênicos isolados de pacientes com HIV/aids

Abstract

Patients living with HIV have a heightened risk of developing invasive fungal infections, posing a significant threat to individuals with specific immunosuppression levels and raising concerns within the realm of public health. Fungi such as those belonging to the Cryptococcus and Histoplasma genera are notable culprits behind these infections in this population, resulting in increased fatality rates among AIDS patients. Molecular biology studies play a crucial role in unraveling the distribution and pathogenesis of these fungi, elucidating their interactions with both the environment and hosts. A comprehensive database, incorporating classical morphophenotypic analyses alongside genomic studies, can provide valuable insights into these species. The objective of this research was to establish a fungal collection and a DNA repository. An observational study was also conducted using fungal isolates obtained from HIV/AIDS patients at HUMAP in order to validate the fungal collection. To streamline data management, an online database was implemented using the REDCap platform for storing clinical and mycological information, and the eLabInventory platform for control and administration purposes. The REDCap database included sample general data, phenotypic analysis, molecular DNA analysis, and antifungal sensitivity testing. Phenotypic analysis revealed a higher incidence of Cryptococcus spp. (70%) followed by Histoplasma spp. (30%). Efficient protocols for the isolation and storage of these fungi were developed, ensuring the preservation of their viability. The establishment of a fungal collection and DNA repository represents a strategic initiative for managing fungal isolates, providing centralized and secure data for analyses and epidemiological surveillance. This initiative contributes globally to the understanding of pathogenic fungi, enhancing our ability to combat these infections.