FATORES DE RISCO, PERFIL CLÍNICO E COMPLICAÇÕES CARDIOVASCULARES EM PACIENTES COM COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has emerged as a global public health challenge. In addition to respiratory symptoms, growing evidence has pointed to the importance of cardiovascular complications in patients diagnosed with the disease. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the scientific literature discussing cardiovascular complications in patients with COVID-19. METHOD: integrative review, based on the PVO (Patient, Variable and Outcome) strategy to formulate the guiding question: "Which cardiovascular complications are most frequent in patients with COVID-19?". The search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus and Scielo databases using the CAFe licensed access provided by the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, through the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), accessed through the Periódicos CAPES digital platform. The Boolean strategy adopted was: ("COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2") AND ("Cardiovascular complications" OR "Cardiovascular diseases" OR "Heart failure" OR "Myocarditis" OR "Myocardial infarction" OR "Cardiac arrhythmias"). Complete studies published between 2020 and 2023 in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were selected for this review, 11 of which were indexed in PubMed and 3 in Scopus. CONCLUSION: The analysis revealed that the most frequent cardiovascular complications are arrhythmias, heart failure and myocarditis. People of advanced age and with a history of pre-existing cardiovascular diseases, especially hypertension and diabetes, are at higher risk of developing a major cardiovascular event as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, elevated cardiac biomarkers are common in patients with COVID-19.