Micromobilidade urbana eficiente para veículos elétricos superleves em vias calmas: uma proposta para Campo Grande-MS

Abstract

The exponential increase in travel in urban centers has increased environmental pollution rates and generated major impacts on urban mobility. As an innovative urban transport solution, with the aim of providing sustainable short-distance travel options, we have micromobility. Micromobility consists of an alternative vehicle pattern and new categories of systems and services aimed at light vehicles, powered by an electric engine and intended for urban transport. The objective of this work is to propose guidelines for urban micromobility projects for superlight electric vehicles on quiet roads. The analysis of the theoretical framework was based on articles on micromobility, sustainable development of cities and transport vehicles obtained through the Scopus database and with the help of the Iramuteq software. This, in turn, generated products such as: Word Cloud; Similarity Analysis; Descending Hierarchical Classification and Factor Correspondence Analysis. This set of products made it possible to better organize the content of the theoretical framework. The software grouped the content into two large categories named based on the content expressed by the authors, such as Electromobility and Sustainable Urban Mobility, and five distinct classes of text segments: Operationalization; Innovation for the last mile; Intelligent Transport; Public Policies and Sustainable Mobility. This content analysis present in the theoretical framework added to regulations in Brazil and around the world supported the construction of the research instrument and the formulation of theoretical guidelines for the implementation of super-light electric vehicles in urban micromobility. 48 guidelines were created and these were subjected to a validation process by experts linked to the areas of civil engineering, architecture and urbanism through an online form. The form included a 5-point Likert scale for evaluating each proposed guideline. As a result, 40 guidelines were approved and 8 were considered not relevant. Among the approved guidelines, it is worth highlighting that 10 guidelines obtained maximum approval, being validated by all the experts consulted. Subsequently, in order to exemplify the application of the validated guidelines in an urban space, rua 14 de Julho, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, was chosen for analysis in its section considered a calm road. It was found that, although the section under analysis does not have charging stations, it is a place with broad potential for the deployment of super-light electric vehicles, mainly due to possible connectivity with public transport and other different means of transport such as walking, bicycles, taxis, motorcycle taxis and private vehicles. This possibility of articulating these modes is in line with the guidelines also proposed in existing municipal legislation, as it is a sustainable transport alternative that can contribute to accessibility for the region under analysis, especially when dealing with the last mile stretch on rua 14 de July.