IMPACTO DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO COM ÓLEO DE FRUTO NATIVO DO CERRADO NA COMPOSIÇÃO DO LEITE MATERNO DE RATAS WISTAR LACTANTES

Abstract

Breast milk is the best food for the newborn because it meets all nutritional needs and still protects the child from illness. A balanced and healthy maternal diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding ensures satisfactory macronutrients and micronutrients for the baby. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the impact of supplementation with native fruit oil from the cerrado on the composition of breast milk of lactating Wistar rats. For that, 3 groups were formed containing 12 animals distributed according to the average initial weight of all rats (n=36): soy control group - supplemented with soy oil, olive oil control group - supplemented with olive oil and baru experimental group - supplemented with baru nut oil. All groups were fed Nuvital® commercial feed, water ad libitum and supplemented with 1000 mg of oil per kg of animal weight, during the 21st day of pregnancy and 21 day of lactation. Milk collection was performed manually, starting on the 12th day of lactation, with extraction on alternate days, until the 21st day. After weaning, the rats and pups were fasted for 6 hours and then euthanized. Blood samples were collected from the animals, and from each mother rat 5 sites of adipose tissue were removed (epididymal, mesenteric, retroperitoneal, perirenal and omental) and from the pups only the mesenteric. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that the profile of fatty acids found in breast milk supplemented with baru oil has significant concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), with emphasis on linoleic fatty acids and oleic. Supplementation with baru oil did not induce changes in weight gain and food consumption of the animals, nor did it cause changes in serum parameters, liver weight and adipose tissue sites. In addition, baru oil showed antiatherogenic activity, proving to be beneficial to human health. Thus, the results of this study reinforce the use of baru oil as a functional nutritional food of great relevance for human health.