COMUNIDADE FURNAS DOS BAIANOS: DA CONQUISTA DA PROPRIEDADE À RESISTÊNCIA POR UMA IDENTIDADE QUILOMBOLA

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to research, survey and understand how the Furnas dos Baianos quilombola community originated throughout its trajectory, seeking to understand the pro-cess of recognition of these peoples and their quilombola identities, which are vital for the regularization process. of the territory of this community. In Brazil, the process of identifi-cation, recognition, delimitation, demarcation and titling of lands occupied by remnants of quilombos was constituted in a very bureaucratic and time-consuming way, due to the lack of interest of the public power in recognizing the black population as belonging to the his-tory of our country, as well as the fact that existing political interests are opposed to the pro-cess of realizing these properties in the form of article 68 of the acts of transitory constituti-onal provisions of our current Constitution. The work seeks to highlight the history of this community, its customs, its traditions; the connection they establish with the space they live in and the relationships these people have with the land they occupy. It also seeks to research and reflect on traditional communities, how they managed to perpetuate themselves over time in the face of changes brought about by modern society, with emphasis on the quilom-bola community Furnas dos Baianos. Abdias do Nascimento and Beatriz Nascimento, impor-tant intellectuals for the discussion of the theme, already denounced this process of subal-ternization of black people as a structuring element of the slave-owning and bossy society in Brazil. Abdias do Nascimento makes it clear that this subaltern condition and the continuity of colonialism are part of the state modus operandi, whether monarchical or republican. Agreeing with the historian Beatriz Nascimento, we consider that any attitude of association would be a quilombo, as long as it sought greater appreciation of the black heritage. Thus, we work with the extended notion of quilombo to understand the legitimacy of the struggle of the Furnas dos Baianos community against local political arrangements for the recogni-tion of their identity. The qualitative analysis involved field, bibliographical and documen-tary research. Methodologically, we start from the documental analysis of all legislative texts (laws, decrees, ordinances and resolutions) concerning matters inherent to the recogni-tion of property rights for quilombola peoples, as well as the survey of theses and disserta-tions on the subject and interview. The research was carried out in two parts: the first consis-ted of an exploratory and consultative field research in the Quilombola community Furnas dos Baianos, where two interviews were carried out, one with the oldest resident of the community and the other with the president of the association. quilombola community, seeking to understand the formation, customs, traditions and way of maintaining these fami-lies as a community; the second was the documentary research of texts, videos, legislative documents, seeking to understand the historical and anthropological process of formation and recognition of the community as a quilombo. Unraveling the history of the Furnas dos Baianos community was not easy, as it is a community that has a unique formation history, when compared to the traditional process of formation of other communities in Mato Grosso do Sul. today it is experiencing a process of recognition of its quilombola identity through the incorporation of the customs and traditions of ancestral peoples, in the search for its per-petuation as a quilombola people in the face of the challenges and changes that have occur-red over time.