A PAISAGEM FÚNEBRE-RELIGIOSA E O PROCESSO DE INTERAÇÃO CULTURAL NO IMPÉRIO ROMANO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS CATACUMBAS ROMANAS DE SÃO CALISTO ENTRE OS SÉCULOS II - IV EC

Abstract

THE FUNERARY-RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE AND THE PROCESS OF CULTURAL INTERACTION IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE: A STUDY OF THE ROMAN CATACOMBS OF SAINT CALLISTUS BETWEEN THE 2ND AND 4TH CENTURIES CE

In this study, we address the importance of Ancient History to understand religiosity and material culture in antiquity, specifically through the analysis of the Roman catacombs, with an emphasis on the Catacomb of Saint Callixtus, between the 2nd and 4th centuries CE. The objective is to examine the sociocultural interactions between Jews, Christians and polytheists in these places. We use an interdisciplinary approach, combining Cultural History, Material Culture and Landscape Archaeology, to analyze artefacts, funerary practices and multilingual inscriptions. The methodology involved the analysis of the historiographical debate and dialogue with Archeology. Authors such as Bosio and De Rossi are references in the exploration of the catacombs. This study offers valuable insights into cultural and religious relations in ancient Rome, contributing to a more mature and interdisciplinary historical consciousness.

Keywords: Roman Catacombs; Ancient Religiosity; Inter-religious Coexistence.