CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS EM QUESTÃO: uma análise da epistemologia presente na quadrúplice raiz do princípio de razão suficiente de Schopenhauer

Abstract

This research analyzes the epistemology present in the work On the fourfold root of the principle of sufficient reason (1813/2019) by Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860). In the book, the author presents the principle of sufficient reason as the foundation of scientific knowledge. We will show that the theory of knowledge in the fourfold root contradicts any epistemological relativism. When analyzing the situation of philosophy and human sciences in contemporary times, we found that both suffer attacks from different sectors of society, being accused of being relativistic, ideological, and very abstract, far from the “world of life.” Faced with this situation, we turn to the Brazilian philosopher Ivan Domingues (1952), who has a solution program for the problem of human sciences, the program in which it is up to the philosopher to think about the meeting between the human and social sciences. In this sense, we chose Schopenhauer and his method, offered in the fourfold root, to face the accusations directed from philosophy to the human sciences and to think about the epistemological problem that involves them.