AUTOLESÃO DELIBERADA EM ADOLESCENTES NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR: ANÁLISE DA EXPERIÊNCIA DAS EQUIPES MULTIDISCIPLINARES

Abstract

School environment working professionals have been noticing an increase of adolescent students with deliberate self-harm behavior seeking for help. School context is considered a suitable space to the development of good health practices and promoting student’s well-being. Then, the multidisciplinary team within the framework of the school environment with daily bases contact with adolescent students helps in the early identification of any mental health issue, in the access to families, in reducing the stigma related to the search for health care services and in reducing costs. In this sense, this scientific research aims at analyzing the experiences of the pedagogical follow-up, psychosocial and health monitoring multidisciplinary teams within school context, regarding deliberate self-harm behavior in adolescent students. Study of qualitative nature, it took place in five different campuses of the Federal Institute of Mato Grosso do Sul. The sample was intentional and data collection was carried out through a focus group. The study had the participation of 29 professionals, who are permanent members of the five multidisciplinary team. Data were transcribed and the analysis was supported by Content Analysis, Thematic Model, which gave rise to three categories: the behavior of Deliberate Self-Harm within the educational context; the multidisciplinary team and the care organization; the school, the intersectionality and public policies related to Mental Health. The results indicated that awareness and identification of cases occur indirectly, by peers or Adolescent family members, as well as by teachers, student assistants and other professionals, who identify behavioral changes, suggestive behaviors or even injuries. Another way to identify cases is when they occur within the institution itself. Some environments and activities held in the school facilities allow students to approach school professionals, however, the school does not have suitable infrastructure and human resources for assistance. It reinforces the importance of having a multidisciplinary team in the school context to proper assist deliberate self-injury behavior. However, there is weakness in the integrated and interdisciplinary work of the team, as well as in the referral of cases to the health care network, due to the high demand and the capacity of assistance and follow-up care of the network. There is also a need for engagement of teachers and school administration. The importance of training and permanent education on the subject, of the school's articulations with other educational, health and social assistance sectors was indicated. In addition to the strengthening and effective implementation of institutional and public health policies to deal with cases of deliberate self-harm, as well as promotion and prevention actions for mental health of this population. With this investigation, it was possible to conclude that the presence of the multidisciplinary team within the school environment contributes to early identification as well as to the development of actions aimed at promoting mental health for adolescent students in the school environment.