ANÁLISE DO EXERCÍCIO INTERVALADO DE ALTA INTENSIDADE (HIIT) EM RATOS DIABÉTICOS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on biochemical, bone and oxidative stress parameters in a type 2 diabetes mellitus model.48 male, adult, 12-week-old rats (Rattus norvegicus), of the WISTAR lineage, were used. The animals that were induced to the experimental diabetes model received a high-fat diet for 10 days, after that period, these animals received an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg / kg; Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO, USA), dissolved in a 20 mmol / L sodium citrate solution (ph = 4.5). Animals included in the experimental diabetes group were animals that, after 48 hours of streptozotocin injection, had fasting blood glucose> 250mg / dL. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group containing 12 animals: experimental diabetes group HIIT; HIIT control group; sedentary experimental diabetes group and sedentary control group. The animals of the HIIT group, performed an aerobic physical exercise protocol on a treadmill at 15º inclination with interspersed intensity. Five weekly sessions, lasting 49 minutes each, were held for 6 weeks. 48 hours after the last training, the animals were anesthetized and blood was collected through intrathoracic access, afterwards, the animals were euthanized and laparotomy and muscle dissection were performed. Biochemical analysis was performed using specific kits. The analysis of oxidative stress was determined through the levels of GSH. Bone moneral density (BMD) and cortical bone density (CBD) analyzes were performed using X-ray images using the In-Vivo Xtreme II / Bruker system (Biosoin Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany), with the program Molecular Imaging Software.There was a significant difference in serum glucose levels (p<0.001) being greater in the diabetic group compared to the control group. The levels of albumin (p<0.001), creatinine (p=0.002) and urea (p=0.003) were higher in animals in the control group when compared to diabetic animals. The weight of the gastrocnemius muscle showed a difference (p=0.007), with lower weight in animals included in the diabetes group compared to animals in the control group. There was a decrease in cortical bone density in sedentary diabetic animals (p=0.007) and an increase in bone mineral density in diabetic animals undergoing HIIT (p<0.001; p=0.007). In the GSH data we obtained a significant difference (p=0.02) being smaller in the group of animals not submitted to HIIT compared to the group of animals submitted to HIIT.The data presented in this study corroborate the effectiveness of the experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus model used. HIIT triggered an increase in the levels of antioxidant GSH in the animals inserted in the exercise protocol used in this study.High-intensity interval training increased BMD in diabetic animals, suggesting a possible stimulus to bone osteogenesis.