CRITÉRIOS DE TEXTUALIDADE NA INTERAÇÃO JUIZ E RÉU: A CONSTRUÇÃO DA INFORMATIVIDADE E INTENCIONALIDADE NO TEXTO FALADO NO TRIBUNAL DE JÚRI

Abstract

This work aims to analyse the construction of textuality criteria, understood as properties that ensure that an utterance is text, as developed by Beaugrande and Dressler (1981), Beaugrande (2011), Costa Val (2006), Koch (2016 and 2017) and Marcuschi (2008), with textual focus on the microdiscursivity of the construction of the spoken text by the interaction between judge and defendant, through real judicial hearings, of investigation and trial, before the jury, in cases of homicide and attempted homicide. We consider the context of the hearings before the jury, which ends up revealing a peculiar textual organization, characteristic in this special audience, determining the development of the interactional activity between judge and defendant. Thus, the research questions that served as a guide in the analysed texts were: (i.) How do the properties of the text interrelate in the jury court, in the peculiarity of this communication situation? (ii.) From the point of view of the combination of the properties, which are of the text, what becomes more relevant and differentiates the discursive situation in the jury court from any other situation? To this end, we propose the analysis of four real judicial hearings, taken as corpus, through public domain recordings made available in audios and videos on the digital platform entitled “Audiências online”, held in the Plenary of the jury court in the District of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the period between the end of 2016 and the beginning of 2017. Therefore, we consider the language in use, thus enabling research with theoretical framework from the perspective of linguistic study related to the areas of interface Conversation Analysis – in relation to the constitutive processes of the spoken text; Textual Linguistics – based on the criteria of textuality; and Forensic Linguistics – referring to language and law. In short, we see how the textuality criteria are organized in the texts of the genre instruction and judgment hearings before the jury and we start from the hypothesis that in this genre and communicative situation, the construction of informationand intentionality in interaction with some constitutive processes of the text is peculiar. Thus, we detect the specific purposes that this situation has in its elaboration. The methodological procedure for data transcription, compilation and analysis is supported by the empirical-inductive approach, since the analysed texts were obtained in a real interaction situation and started from the examination of the occurrences for qualitative interpretations. In view of this, we transcribed the hearings of instruction and trial before the jury court, according to the rules suggested by the Project Urban Standard Culta (NURC) USP nucleus, coordinated by Preti (2008), and proceeded to the select the excerpts to verify the process resulting, from the (re)construction of the facts, by the analytical categories of textuality criteria in the construction of information and intentionality intertwined with processes that organize the language and, above all, allow interactants to achieve their communicative purposes. Together with the categories of analysis, the specific objectives aim to seek textual materiality in the construction of information and intentionality; and to investigate the interaction of information and intentionality with some processes constituting the text. The result points out that in gender, jury court hearings, it is characteristic manifestations that systematize the properties and processes resulting from the construction in the spoken text, due to its interactional dimension, since they serve the reflection of Language, Law and Society.