Desenvolvimento de um repositor hidroeletrolítico de bocaiuva: efeito no estado de hidratação de jogadores de futebol profissionais

Abstract

For the improvement of health parameters and sports performance, soccer athletes depend on a balanced, nutritious diet and adequate water supply. Due to their bioactive compounds and various nutrients, the fruits of the Cerrado and Pantanal have become a great alternative to be explored and researched, such as the case of bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.). This study aimed to develop a hydroelectrolytic replenisher from bocaiuva and to evaluate its effect on the hydration status of professional soccer players. Descriptive, prospective intervention study, with non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Initially, four formulations of hydroelectrolytic replenishers were prepared with different concentrations of bocaiuva pulp (2 and 4%) and other ingredients, considering the carbohydrate content between 6 and 8%. Physicochemical characterization of the pulp and formulations was carried out, as well as pre-test and final sensory and microbiological analysis. A characterization of the sociodemographic profile and of the sports modality of the athletes was carried out, as well as on nutritional supplementation, body composition and intra-training water requirement. Subsequent nutritional intervention of the players (n=20) to compare the developed replenisher, more sensorially accepted, with a commercial replacement, was carried out in two stages, with a 1-week interval between them, evaluating the hydration status by the weight parameters body and urine characteristics of athletes pre and post training, in addition to the determination of sweating rate. The pulp was rich in fiber (17.04±0.54 g/100g) and total carbohydrates (15.85±0.01 g/100g) and with considerable lipid content (8.38±0.26 g /100g), providing an energy value of 147.66±0.14 kcal/100g. In the final sensorial analysis, the formulation with 2% of bocaiuva (F2) was the most accepted sensorially, with an acceptability index of 85% in the global acceptance and 74.8% in the purchase intention, containing 4.48 g/100g of carbohydrates. All formulations were in microbiological compliance with Brazilian legislation. In terms of body composition, the average weight of the athletes was 79.88±8.96kg and the height was 1.79±0.61m, with an average percentage of body fat of 9.67±4.56%, fat mass of 7 92±4.61kg and fat-free mass of 71.83±6.05kg. Athletes' weight loss was classified as mild throughout the intervention with the two replacements. The average sweat rates in the 1st and 2nd stages of the intervention did not show a significant difference between commercial and developed replenishers after training. In urine specific gravity, the type of replenisher ingested by the athletes did not influence the results, presenting significant dehydration in both stages (1021 to 1030 g/ml-1) before and after training. In urine color, there was also no significant difference between the replenishers in any of the stages and moments of the intervention. It was concluded that the nutrient profile of the bocaiuva pulp showed a higher concentration of fiber and carbohydrates and the formulations developed were well accepted sensorially. The intervention with the bocaiuva replenisher presented similar results to the commercial replenisher, demonstrating that its composition allows the replacement of liquids, carbohydrates and electrolytes satisfactorily.