DISFUNÇÕES DO ASSOALHO PÉLVICO EM MULHERES PRATICANTES DE CROSS TRAINING: PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS

Abstract

The practice of high-intensity exercises by women and the impacts on the pelvic floor causing dysfunctions in this musculature are reasons for disagreement. Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of pelvic floor dysfunction in cross-training women. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study, composed of 301 adult women who had been cross-training for at least 6 months. Participants with a mean age of 34.18±0.46 years, mean BMI of 23.93 kg/m² and mean time of cross-training of 34.2 months, answered the sociodemographic questionnaire, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ – SF), Pelvic Floor Disorders Inventory Questionnaire (PFDI-20), Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) and International Questionnaire of Physical Activity – Short Version (IPAQ). Descriptive, univariate, multivariate statistical analysis and bivariate logical regression were performed with a significance level of 5% and a CI of 95%. Results: PFD was high, occurring in 48% (n=132) according to the PFIQ-7 and 66.2% (n=182) according to the PFDI-20, with UI dysfunction being more prevalent, followed by AI being flatus and constipation and POP. Factors such as advanced age, normal delivery, number of children, vigorous training and enuresis were evidenced as a risk for the emergence of PFD. For (103 - 37.5%) of the women, urine loss occurs during training, 73 (70.9%) reported occurring in two or more exercises, the main ones being: Jump box (n=44 42.7%); Single under (n=41 39.85%) and Deadlift (n=36 35.0%). Conclusion: This study indicates a high prevalence of PFD in women who practice cross-training, with UI, flatus loss, and constipation being the most frequent symptoms. In addition, exercises that involve jumping seem to trigger more UI events.