PSICOEDUCAÇÃO PARA MULHERES COM LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory disease of autoimmune origin, considered until now an incurable disease. This disease is chronic, multifactorial and has an invasive treatment, which requires continuous and specific care, greatly modifying the individual's life after diagnosis. It predominantly affects women and, although its etiology is poorly understood, it is known that several factors contribute to the development and exacerbation of this disease, especially psychological, social and neuropsychiatric factors. Although this disease affects more than five million people in the world population, and most of these people are women of reproductive age, psychoeducational studies that address these factors are scarce in the scientific literature. This research aimed to carry out two studies, one theoretical and the other practical: (1) the first was a systematic review of psychoeducational interventions aimed at patients with SLE; and (2) second was to produce a psychoeducational booklet aimed at women with SLE. The theoretical study reviewed the literature of the last 20 years, seeking an overview of the results of psychoeducational interventions for patients with SLE. For that, a search of scientific articles indexed in three databases was carried out: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). This search included the following keywords in Portuguese (LILACS and SCIELO): (psychoeducation OR educational intervention OR Psychotherapy) AND Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the following keywords in English (LILACS and SCIELO and PubMed): (psychoeducation OR educational intervention OR psychotherapy) AND Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. The studies included were only the comparative ones, which could or may not be randomized and/or controlled with samples containing at least 8 patients. Among 43 studies, 5 originated from the international literature and none from the national literature were selected. Results reported that psychoeducation helps patients with SLE to deal with the difficulties related to this disease, improving levels of depression, anxiety, social dysfunction, sleep disorders, cognitive performance and affection, thus providing an improvement in the patient's general health. These results show that there is a scarcity of psychoeducational studies for patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus at the national level and that this type of psychoeducational intervention can contribute to improving the general health of these patients. Thus, from the systematic review (study 1), a booklet (study 2) was built with the aim of providing knowledge and understanding about SLE in the psychological and psychosocial scope of women with SLE. A search was carried out on existing booklets on the Ministry of Health website and on the Virtual Health Library. According to the search process, the booklet of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (2011) was used as the basis for the study. the only one that contained more complete and general information on the clinical spectra found in people with SLE. It is concluded that there is a need for robust studies of psychoeducational interventions and products such as booklets on SLE, as SLE entails many limitations. Thus, it is necessary to develop studies aimed at promoting the engagement of these patients in psychoeducational groups or individual guidance, educating patients about the importance of psychoeducation to improve the general health of these women with SLE. Finally, it is expected that this research can contribute to improving the general health of women with SLE, in the expansion and dissemination of knowledge about SLE, both for patients and their families, the general public, professionals in the field. health and the scientific community.

Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Psychotherapeutic Intervention, Psychoeducation, Autoimmune Diseases.