Projeto e Implementação de um Ventilador Mecânico de Uso Emergencial de Baixo Custo Utilizando Ressuscitador Pulmonar de Mão, com Controle Fuzzy de Mistura de Gases

Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 increased the large-scale need for pulmonary ventilators, as the disease affects the respiratory system. Brazil and other countries in the world do not have as many pulmonary ventilators due to the high cost, and at the moment due to their unavailability to purchase. Faced with that problem, different academic institutions and companies around the world have developed emergency pulmonary ventilators based on different operating principles, many of them are based on automating the operation of a handheld lung resuscitator. However, local-regional development of emergency pulmonary ventilators is needed to serve as many patients as possible within a state, and to reduce technology import costs and times. This work aims to design and manufacture a pulmonary ventilator for emergency use, which uses a handheld lung resuscitator, to implement the intelligent FiO2 system, responsible for dosing the amount of O2 in the resuscitator, its control is performed by a Fuzzy controller using the PEEP and SpO2 input variables, for its implementation in a bench using components from the Brazilian market. Results were generated through simulation of the Fuzzy logic for the FiO2 output and a bench test was performed, simulating a patient in which the system was able to perform ventilation and FiO2 control. Key-words: SARS-CoV-2, emergency mechanical ventilator, FiO2, fuzzy logic.