VIGILÂNCIA DO ÓBITO MATERNO NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM A ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO

Abstract

The death of a woman during pregnancy, or up to 42 days after the end of it, is called maternal death. Despite technological and assistance advances for this population, in the global context, 92% of cases could be avoided. Thus, maternal mortality constitutes a serious public health problem. As a strategy for its reduction, global commitments were established and agreed, which guided the implementation of public and health policies, including mandatory investigation and the creation of maternal mortality committees. Thus, Primary Health Care plays an important role in the implementation of strategies and assistance aimed at promoting and preventing women's health, especially in the pregnancy-puerperal period. In this context, the surveillance of maternal deaths constitutes an essential action. However, fragility in the performance of this action by nurses is identified. In this sense, knowing the factors that influence its performance by nurses contributes to the implementation of strategies to strengthen assistance to women in this period. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the role of nurses in the surveillance of maternal death in primary health care. Descriptive study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out with nurses from primary health care units in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, from 2019 to 2021. Data collection was carried out through a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, developed by the researcher, with closed and open questions, on sociodemographic and work data, and on the training and practice of maternal death surveillance. The analysis of quantitative data was performed using descriptive statistics, association using the chi-square test, with Bonferroni correction. And the qualitative data, we used the thematic analysis of content and support of the IRAMuTeQ software. The results showed that aspects such as training on surveillance of maternal death, the reported time of the professional in the health service, and factors related to the maternal mortality committee influence the performance of nurses. Furthermore, the perception of these professionals on the surveillance of maternal death, and of the maternal mortality committee, certifies technical understanding of this practice. In addition, the study highlighted the relevance of discussions of maternal death cases in team meetings and the lack of feedback from the maternal mortality committee's analyzes, in view of the investigations carried out, to Primary Health Care. important role in the surveillance of maternal death, with knowledge of the topic addressed and understanding of this practice, however they must be trained for this activity, in order to improve the work process and strengthen actions to reduce the maternal mortality ratio.