Desempenho agronômico de variedades de milho no Cerrado Sul Mato-Grossense

Abstract

The crops and their cultivars are planted in different places, with different latitudes, longitudes, altitudes and seasons. In these alternating conditions, the corn crop (Zea mays) responds differently in each planting location as to its cycle, as a function of thermal units (degrees day), and performance, showing a great genotype/environment interaction. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of maize varieties in the Cerradosulmato-grossense region. Thus, two experiments were carried out in the experimental field of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus of Chapadão do Sul, in the agricultural years 2017/2018 and 2018/2019, covering the months from November to February. The region's climate is classified as tropical savannah with an average annual rainfall of 1627mm. Each experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial scheme. The first factor was composed of 11 varieties of open pollination of corn: ALAvaré, ALDiratinga, BRS106, BRS4103, BRS4104, BRSCaimbé, BRSGorotuba, CatiVerde, SCS154, SCS155 and SCS156. The second factor was composed of the two harvests. The agronomic variables evaluated were leaf nitrogen (NF), plant height (AP, m), ear insertion height (IEA, m), stem diameter (DC, cm), ear length (CE, cm), number of rows per ear (NFE), number of grains per row (NGF) and grain yield (PROD, kg ha-1). According to the significant interactions between these variables and the treatments, it can be concluded that the maize varieties that show the best agronomic performance in the Cerrado Sul region of Mato Grosso were SCS154 for silage, and BRS4104 and BRSGorotuba for increased grain yield.