Introdução à ciência de implementação para profissionais da saúde

Abstract

This book aims to help health professionals to better implement established scientific evidence for the benefit of population health. It is estimated that the average time for scientific evidence to be routinely used in clinical practice is around 15 years. One of the goals of this work is to shorten this time. Doing science in real time requires the implementation of measures that transcend not only the production of knowledge, and this is very important, but which should reach routine practice, especially in public health services. The science of implementation depends, among other reasons, on access to information and knowledge by managers and leaders; the cost involved in the innovation and its cost for its correct implementation and potential scaling; and also factors that are beyond the reach of health managers. For example, if the population that receives the intervention or innovation in health is not sufficiently informed to do so, it is unlikely that the implementation will be successful. Considering contexts is of paramount importance. Adapting innovation to contexts is extremely necessary and the work is aimed at healthcare professionals who want to implement innovation or a different way of performing services. We do not guarantee that everything will go as we had previously planned, for obvious reasons. But using theoretical implementation models helps the professional to explain why a particular innovation/implementation went as planned or why it did not take place in accordance with it. Models help you understand what went right, what was missing and what could be improved. It is important to consider including the population in decision-making, but they must be informed and sufficiently informed to do so.