Avaliação de metais pesados e metaloides em medicamentos fitoterápicos (Calman®, Pasalix®, Serenus®, Calmasyn®, Prakalmar® e Maracugina PI®) utilizados para o tratamento de ansiedade

Abstract

Herbal medicines are extracted from medicinal plants and their natural active ingredients. To date, there are few studies involving the quantification of metals and metalloids present in some herbal medicines used in the treatment of anxiety marketed in Brazil. Given the above, this dissertation aims to quantify metals (Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe and Pb) and metalloids (As) in the herbal medicines Calman®, Pasalix®, Serenus®, Calmasyn®, Prakalmar® and Maracugina PI ®. As methodology, an acid digestion procedure will be carried out and then quantification of chemical elements via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). According to the results, the concentration of As in the herbal medicines Pasalix, Calmam, Serenus, Calmasyn and Maracugina is close to the limits of impurities established by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (BF). The concentration of Fe in the herbal medicine Serenus and As in the herbal medicine Prakalmar is above the values established by BF. With the exception of the concentration of Pb in the phytotherapic Calmam, which is close to the values of limits of impurities set by the BF, all other phytotherapics have concentrations of Pb higher than the limits proposed by the BF. The concentration of Cd, Cr and Cu are below the values stipulated by the BF. There are no values for elements such as Ba and Co as impurities established by the BF. It was found that the concentration of the minimum and maximum daily dosage in all herbal medicines (Pasalix, Calmam, Serenus, Prakalmar, Calmasyn and Maracugina) are below the values stipulated by the American Pharmacopoeia. The calculation of the maximum daily intake estimate (EDI) for children in relation to the herbal medicine Calmasyn for As are above the values stipulated by the MRLs. In addition, the minimum and maximum EDI for adults and children revealed that for the herbal medicine Pasalix, Calmasyn (with the exception of the EDI maximum ), Serenus, Prakalmar, Calman and Mracujina, the minimum and maximum daily intake of elements such as As, Cr, Co , Cd, Cu and Ba are below the values stipulated by the MRL (Minimal Risk Level). The risk calculations were less than 1, however, the presence of elements such as As, Cd, Co, Cr and Pb can cause damage to health. Studies using an animal model are necessary to ascertain the possible toxicity risks due to the ingestion of herbal medicines containing heavy metals and metalloid