Sistema ABO e as patologias prevalentes em residentes no estado de Mato Grosso Do Sul

Abstract

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de estudar as correlacoes entre os tipos sanguíneos A, B e O e as patologias que estiveram mais presentes para os diagnósticos medicos de pacientes internados em dois Hospitais Publicos de Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram selecionados 502 prontuarios a partir do livro de registros de pacientes que receberam transfusao sanguinea entre os anos 2010 e 2014. As variaveis que fizeram parte do estudo foram: grupo sanguineo ABO, fator Rh, faixa etaria, sexo, local de residencia e de procedencia, diagnostico principal (morbidade). Os resultados foram agrupados e classificados de acordo com o CID10 e demonstraram que a maioria dos pacientes internados era composta de mulheres, com idade superior a 41 anos, nascida nos estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e de cor parda. O grupo sanguineo O foi o de maior prevalencia entre os estudados, seguido pelo A, B e AB, o ator Rh foi preponderante. Os quatro grupos de doencas de maior incidência foram os de doencas infecciosas e parasitarias, do aparelho circulatorio, do aparelho digestivo e neoplasias. Foram observadas correlacoes entre o grupo sanguineo A e as doencas infecciosas e do aparelho circulatorio, entre o grupo B e as doenças circulatorias e neoplasicas, entre o grupo O e as doencas infecciosas e do aparelho digestivo. Estudos mais especificos devem ser realizados para melhor determinar as correlacoes identificadas.

The objective of this research was to study the correlations between the blood types A, B and O and the prevalent pathologies corresponding to the diagnoses of patients admitted in to two public hospitals in the Mato Grosso do Sul state. 502 medical records were selected from the institutional record book of patients who had received blood transfusions between 2010 and 2014. The following variables were chosen: ABO blood group, Rh factor, age, sex, place of residence and origin and main diagnosis (morbidity). The results were grouped and classified according to ICD-10 showing that most of hospitalized patients were women, over the age of 41, born in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and of brown color. The blood group O was shown to be the most prevalent, followed by A, B and AB groups. The Rh factor was predominant. The diseases with the highest incidence have been infections, parasitic invasions, circulatory and digestive tract disorders, and cancers. Correlations were observed between blood group A and infectious diseases and circulatory system disorders; group B correlated with circulatory and neoplastic diseases; group SAB showed high levels of infections and parasitic invasions; group O was associated with infections and digestive tract disorders. The patients with group O also were showed to be less susceptible to the cardiovascular diseases.