Papel da dinâmica familiar no consumo do crack: aspectos socioculturais, demográficos e psicossociais

Abstract

The aim of this study was to comprehend the role of family dynamics in crack cocaine addiction. It was achieved a qualitative and explorative research, through semi-structured interviews, with 20 crack cocaine users family members who are registered at Alcohol and Drugs Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS AD) from Ponta Porã city/ MS in a convenience sampling. Data were analyzed and processed in accordance to Collective Subject Discourse method (DSC), whose substantiation is the Social Representation Theory. Most of the users come from reconstituted families and build, themselves, a nuclear or extended family unit. The members despersonification in favor of the group, the lack of differentiation between family members that prevents autonomy, the conflicts silence culture that leads to not solving them, the philosophy of terror used to assure a place into the group, the distance of the own affective necessities that leads to numbness of them, the dryness of positive emotions that fades soul, the wish of attention which does aggression being accepted – all of them are aspects developed into these families that, facing so many lacks and inconsistencies, see into crack an experience which can bring the same ambiguous pleasure they know so well. All the interviewed reported experiencing loss – via abandonment, death or negligence - and physical or psychological violence, before the consumption of crack. Union and reunion, to be close and to belong, were words widely used in the interviews to describe what families have that is good or what they wish to have because they think it´s good. The family members of crack addicts live with ambivalent feelings, they act in ways often diametrically opposed to how they wish to, they fix dubious and undefined limits, they have violence as a mode of communication, and contradiction as the group speech. The learning of an ineffective way to achieve affective changes reflects in the way to approach crack cocaine – excessive and inappropriate. Dysfunctional family dynamic has a fundamental role in initiation and maintenance of crack cocaine consumption.