Avaliação da adequação do suporte nutricional enteral ao paciente crítico

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The providing appropriate nutritional support to critically ill patient is essential to treatment and can significantly influence the evolution of his disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the adequacy of caloric and protein enteral support offered to patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (HU/UFMS) compared to their estimated needs. METHODS: A prospective observational study performed in the ICU of HU/UFMS for the period March 14 to May 12, 2011. Fourteen patients who maintained exclusive enteral nutritional support for at least 75% of the time in the ICU were followed until ICU discharge or death, totaling 225 patients-day. Patients were evaluated for nutritional status at admission and their caloric and protein needs were estimated. The delivery of enteral feeding was monitored daily as the amount of calories and protein. Quality indicators were used to assess the adequacy of nutritional support provided. RESULTS: The Subjective Global Assessment found that 57% of patients were moderately malnourished or suspected of being malnourished and 7% severely malnourished. The enteral nutritional support caloric and protein was provided with adequacy of 94% and 80%, respectively, compared to estimated needs. There were no significant differences between the variables of adequacy of the enteral nutrition support and the outcome for the ICU discharge or death. Patients who died were more malnourished and had a higher risk nutritional.