Caracterização dos determinantes ecoparasitológicos da leishmaniose visceral humana no município de Campo Grande, MS

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to carry out an ecoparasitological analysis of the residences of patients diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis (LV) in the Municipality of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, during 2007, including social and environmental information. From August to November of 2008, 120 residences were visited and factors propitious for the occurrence of infections identified. LV was most prevalent in children of 0 to 4 years of age and males. The peridomiciliar area was greater than 200m2 for 52.9% of the residences and the area of vegetation equal or less than 10m2 in 33.9%. An accumulation of organic material was found in 83.5% of the residences, principally fruits, leaves and animal feces. Empty lots were close to 27.3% of the residences. Domestic animals, principally dogs, cats and chickens, were observed in 67.8% of the residences. There was a significant (p<0.001) relationship between the presence of LV positive dogs, a peridomiciliar area of more than 200 m2, the accumulation of organic material on the ground, the presence of waste lots close to the house, and of other domestic animals. The disease is distributed in all the urban regions of the Municipality, with the majority of cases in the Anhanduizinho, Prosa and Lagoa regions. The data obtained in this study may aid in the adoption of new strategies for the control and prophylaxis of the disease, as well as orienting educational actions for the population.