INOCULAÇÃO DE AMENDOIM COM SOLUBILIZADORES DE FOSFATO E FUNGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES

Abstract

Peanut cultivation is of great importance in the Southeast region, particularly in São Paulo, which accounts for 90% of Brazilian production; however, it has been expanding throughout Brazil due to its adaptability to different soil and climate conditions. Among the technologies used in peanut cultivation, the use of bio-inputs based on microorganisms involved in the phosphorus cycle still lacks sufficient information. Given this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inoculation and co-inoculation of bio-inputs based on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria—Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens—on peanut crop development in a greenhouse. The study was conducted in a greenhouse on the Chapadão do Sul campus using a completely randomized design, with 8 treatments and four replicates: 1) Control (TEST) – without inoculation of AMF and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria; 2) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, consisting of the species Acaulospora morrowiae (AMF); 3) Rhizophagus intraradices mycorrhizal fungus (ROOT); 4) consortium of the species A. brasilense and P. fluorescens (NOD); 5) AMF+ROOT; 6) AMF+NOD; 7) ROOT+NOD; and 8) AMF+ROOT+NOD. The experiment was conducted over 60 days, during which the following variables were evaluated: Plant height (H), stem diameter (DC), fresh mass of the aerial part (MFPA), fresh mass of the root (MFR), number of nodules (ND), dry mass of the aerial part (MSPA), dry mass of the root (MSR), and nodule weight (PNOD). The FMA+NOD treatment stood out for influencing all vegetative variables, with an average increase of 48.07% compared to the control, and for positively influencing nodule weight (PNOD). The NOD treatment also stood out, showing an average increase of 45.52%, though it did not affect the MSPA and PNOD variables. The number of nodules and dry weight of nodules were positively influenced by the ROOT and FMA+ROOT treatments.