Metabarcoding como ferramenta de detecção de comunidades bacterianas de solos associados a Bromelia balansae de bancadas lateríticas (cangas) de Corumbá, MS

Abstract

The Pantanal is a rich biome, encompassing a diversity of organisms and landscapes. Among them, the lateritic benches (“cangas”) are ferruginous outcrops where a rich, unknown, and threatened bacteriome can be observed, with studies demonstrating the need to delve deeper into this subject. In this context, using metabarcoding techniques and 16S rDNA gene analysis, this work seeks to characterize bacterial communities found in soil associated with Bromelia balansae from “cangas” in Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul. Ten soil samples containing environmental DNA (eDNA) were collected from five different locations in lateritic bench areas located in the municipality of Corumbá, in western Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil: Monjolinho Farm, São João Farm, Vale do Paraíso Farm, and Piraputangas I and II Municipal Parks. Soil samples were collected at two distinct times, during the dry season in June 2022 (n = 6) and during the rainy season in January 2023 (n = 4). The 5 most abundant phyla were, respectively: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobiota. The most abundant genera were, respectively: Udaeobacter (Verrucomicrobiota), Bryobacter (Acidobacteriota), Conexibacter (Actinobacteriota), RB41 (Acidobacteria), and HSB OF53-F07 (Chloroflexi). The microbial diversity found is consistent with previous studies on Cerrado and Pantanal soils, resulting from changes in pH and organic matter in the rhizosphere, caused by the physicochemical changes brought about by the dry and rainy seasons, the annual cycles of flooding and fires, particularities of the Pantanal biome.