PERFIL DO CONSUMO ALIMENTAR E NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE PESSOAS COM SOBREPESO E OBESIDADE

Abstract

Overweight and obesity, chronic non-communicable diseases of multifactorial origin, constitute important risk factors for others, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to outline the sociodemographic profile, evaluate the level of physical activity and food consumption of 20 adults and elderly people with a BMI above 25 kg/m². Sociodemographic, physical activity (IPAQ), food frequency (FFQ) and 24-hour recall questionnaires were applied, in addition to anthropometric assessment. Of the participants, 85% were women; 50% are brown and 60% earn between 1 and 5 minimum wages. Regarding BMI, 30% were overweight and 70% were obese to varying degrees. The majority (70%) were classified as “irregularly active”, with a low frequency of moderate and vigorous activities. The FFQ revealed a traditional dietary pattern, with high consumption of rice (70%) and beans (80%), moderate intake of fruits and vegetables (45%) and low consumption of fried and ultra-processed foods.Carbohydrate and lipid intake was adequate for the majority, but there was excess protein consumption in 65% and insufficient fiber intake in 90% of participants. Inadequacies in micronutrients were identified, especially vitamin D and C, calcium and phosphorus. It is concluded that, although the dietary pattern is mostly traditional, there are quantitative imbalances and nutritional deficiencies. The low physical activity associated with these factors reinforces the need for nutritional interventions and encouragement of regular exercise, considering the sociodemographic context and lifestyle of the participants.